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The Haditha killings (also called the Haditha massacre or the Haditha incident) refers to the incident in which 24 unarmed Iraqi men, women and children, all civilians,〔 were killed by a group of United States Marines on November 19, 2005 in Haditha, a city in the western Iraqi province of Al Anbar. The dead included several children and elderly people, who were shot multiple times at close range while unarmed. It has been alleged that the killings were retribution for the attack on a convoy of Marines with an improvised explosive device that killed Lance Corporal Miguel Terrazas. Many news reports have compared the incident to the My Lai massacre.〔''(U.S. military mourns 'tragic' Haditha deaths )'', CNN. Accessed June 1, 2006.〕 An initial Marine Corps communique reported that 15 civilians were killed by the bomb's blast and eight insurgents were subsequently killed when the Marines returned fire against those attacking the convoy. However, other evidence uncovered by the media contradicted the Marines' account.〔McGirk, Tim. ''( Collateral Damage or Civilian Massacre in Haditha? )'', Time. Accessed June 1, 2006.〕 A ''Time'' magazine reporter's questions prompted the United States military to open an investigation into the incident. The investigation claimed it found evidence that "supports accusations that U.S. Marines deliberately shot civilians, including unarmed women and children", according to an anonymous Pentagon official. At least three officers were officially reprimanded for failing to properly initially report and investigate the killings. On December 21, 2006, eight Marines from 3rd Battalion, 1st Marines were charged in connection with the incident.〔"Marines charged in Iraqi civilian deaths", Associated Press, December 21, 2006.〕〔''(U.S. marine faces 13 Haditha murder charges )'', CBC. Accessed December 21, 2006.〕 In the course of the Article 32 hearings, conflicting testimony was presented, some of it rebutting the media-cited case made by accusers and prosecutors of the Marines. At one point in the hearings, the investigating officer told prosecution lawyers, "The account you want me to believe does not support unpremeditated murder." He conceded that the central issue was who is to be believed and that he was disinclined to recommend a trial when he thought it was unlikely any Iraqi would agree to come to the U.S. to testify. On August 9, 2007, Lt. Gen. James Mattis dropped the charges against Lance Corporal Justin Sharratt, who had been accused of murder, and against Capt. Randy Stone, accused of failing to investigate the incident.〔 (mirror )〕 On August 23, the investigating officer recommended charges against Lance Cpl. Stephen Tatum be dropped as well but on October 19, his commanding officer decided the charges should be lowered to involuntary manslaughter, reckless endangerment and aggravated assault. By June 17, 2008, six defendants had had their cases dropped and a seventh found not guilty. The exception was former Staff Sergeant, now-Private Frank Wuterich. On October 3, 2007, the Article 32 hearing investigating officer recommended that Wuterich be tried for negligent homicide in the deaths of two women and five children, and that charges of murder be dropped.〔Mark Walker, (Officer: Drop murder charges against Haditha Marine ), ''North County Times'', October 3, 2007.〕 Further charges of assault and manslaughter were ultimately dropped, and Wuterich was convicted of a single count of negligent dereliction of duty on January 24, 2012. Wuterich received a rank reduction and pay cut but avoided jail time.〔("Iraqi outrage over U.S. Marine's plea deal in Haditha killings" ). CNN, January 25, 2012.〕 Iraqis expressed disbelief and voiced outrage after the six-year US military prosecution ended with none of the Marines sentenced to jail. A lawyer for the victims from Haditha said, "This is an assault on humanity"; he, as well as the Iraqi government, said they might bring the case to international courts. In 2011, the New York Times found classified transcripts of military interviews from an investigation into the Haditha killings. In these interviews, Marines said so many civilians were found dead after being killed by unknown factions in the Iraq conflict that civilian deaths seemed routine, and one sergeant testified that he would order his men to shoot vehicles that failed to stop at military checkpoints even if it were possible that children could be in the car. ==Events== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haditha killings」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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